{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/j678s4k70m/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Global Hits and Village Music in the Top Ten: Kenya's Recording Boom of the 1970s and 1980s"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/019/original/ARSC_Full_Logo_RGB_K.jpg?1605438091","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Ian Eagleson (Presenter)","David R. Lewis (Chair)","Michael Biel (Videographer)","Leah Biel (Videographer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2018-05-12 (Created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video","Audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eFrom 1960 to 1990 record production in Kenya was wide-ranging and prolific. With East Africa’s only major pressing plant, the capital city Nairobi was host to a variety of recording labels, including multinational companies Polygram, EMI, and CBS; local labels run by Kenyan musicians and music store owners; and operations run by British expatriates. Along with their distribution of international pop catalogs, these labels recorded the contemporary guitar band music of Kenya’s rural communities and visiting Tanzanian, Ugandan, and Congolese artists, as well as indigenous traditional songs. Based on oral history research carried out in 2016 with the support of an ARSC Research Grant, this paper discusses the stories of key actors in Kenya’s recording industry during its 1970s heyday: Gabriel Omolo, an early recording star of the post-colonial era; David Amunga, one of Kenya’s first African producers; Victoria Kings Jazz, arguably the most 35prolific recording band of the 1970s and 80s; and Mike Andrews, head of AIT, a local firm that ran Kenya’s pressing plant and distributed dozens of locally produced labels. The coalescence of this recording industry reflected conflicting societal forces that have shaped Kenyan post-colonial history. Both musicians and producers explicitly dealt with tensions between ethnicity, nationalism, and globalized cosmopolitan trends in their work. Despite the challenges presented by an ethnically-fractured record market and the predominance of foreign recordings in broadcasting, these luminaries of Kenya’s music industry succeeded in establishing an abundance of opportunities for Kenyans of diverse backgrounds to produce and consume local music.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Association for Recorded Sound Collections"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright Association for Recorded Sound Collections\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Video Editor"]},"value":{"en":["Nathan Georgitis"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eFrom 1960 to 1990 record production in Kenya was wide-ranging and prolific. With East Africa\u0026rsquo;s only major pressing plant, the capital city Nairobi was host to a variety of recording labels, including multinational companies Polygram, EMI, and CBS; local labels run by Kenyan musicians and music store owners; and operations run by British expatriates. Along with their distribution of international pop catalogs, these labels recorded the contemporary guitar band music of Kenya\u0026rsquo;s rural communities and visiting Tanzanian, Ugandan, and Congolese artists, as well as indigenous traditional songs. Based on oral history research carried out in 2016 with the support of an ARSC Research Grant, this paper discusses the stories of key actors in Kenya\u0026rsquo;s recording industry during its 1970s heyday: Gabriel Omolo, an early recording star of the post-colonial era; David Amunga, one of Kenya\u0026rsquo;s first African producers; Victoria Kings Jazz, arguably the most 35prolific recording band of the 1970s and 80s; and Mike Andrews, head of AIT, a local firm that ran Kenya\u0026rsquo;s pressing plant and distributed dozens of locally produced labels. The coalescence of this recording industry reflected conflicting societal forces that have shaped Kenyan post-colonial history. Both musicians and producers explicitly dealt with tensions between ethnicity, nationalism, and globalized cosmopolitan trends in their work. Despite the challenges presented by an ethnically-fractured record market and the predominance of foreign recordings in broadcasting, these luminaries of Kenya\u0026rsquo;s music industry succeeded in establishing an abundance of opportunities for Kenyans of diverse backgrounds to produce and consume local music.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright Association for Recorded Sound Collections\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Association for Recorded Sound Collections"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Association for Recorded Sound Collections"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/019/original/ARSC_Full_Logo_RGB_K.jpg?1605438091","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/097/635/small/open-uri20200922-6764-hqe06w_1600817780.jpg?1600803407","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1143/collection_resources/29747/file/97635","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 2 - open-uri20200922-6764-hqe06w.mp4"]},"duration":1988.736,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/097/635/small/open-uri20200922-6764-hqe06w_1600817780.jpg?1600803407","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1143/collection_resources/29747/file/97635/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1143/collection_resources/29747/file/97635/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-arsc.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/097/635/original/open-uri20200922-6764-hqe06w.mp4?1600803366","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":1988.736,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1143/collection_resources/29747/file/97635","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[]},{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1143/collection_resources/29747/file/256119","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - ARSC_conf_2018_Eagleson_audio.mp3"]},"duration":2019.22625,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1143/collection_resources/29747/file/256119/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1143/collection_resources/29747/file/256119/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-arsc.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/256/119/original/ARSC_conf_2018_Eagleson_audio.mp3?1730830116","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":2019.22625,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1143/collection_resources/29747/file/256119","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[]}]}