{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/pz51g0jr1x/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["The American Recording Industry in the Pit of the Great Depression: New Evidence"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/019/original/ARSC_Full_Logo_RGB_K.jpg?1605438091","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Peter Martland (Presenter)","Kurt Nauck (Chair)","Michael Biel (Videographer)","Leah Biel (Videographer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2015-05-29 (Created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["Video","Audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eBy 1931, the U.S. and wider world record industry was in meltdown under the weight of the Great Depression. Sales were in free fall, with record and player manufacturers going bankrupt or seeking survival mergers. In May, Brenchley Mittell, an executive of British record company The Gramophone Company, Ltd., and soon to be a top executive of the newly formed Electric and Musical Industries, Ltd. (EMI), visited the U.S. to assess the situation with Columbia Phonograph Co., Inc. (then a subsidiary of the British registered Columbia Graphophone Co., Ltd, one of the merging EMI partners) and with the newly formed RCA Victor company. Mittell was an inveterate journal keeper, and each evening, dictated several pages of notes. As a consequence, there survives in the EMI Music archive an extensive collection of his diaries, and it is from the notes of his 1931 visit that the foundations of this paper have been formed. Key to understanding what was happening is to be found in an interview with Henry C. Cox, president and general manager of Columbia Phonograph Co., Inc., who gave a detailed but bleak picture of the U.S. record and player industry. Using the notes from this interview and other assessments provides this paper with an eye-of-the-storm narrative of both the economic collapse and the disastrous consequences to the decision by market leader RCA Victor to abandon record and player manufacturing in favor of radio, which combined to precipitate the gravest crisis faced by the recording industry in the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Association for Recorded Sound Collections"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright Association for Recorded Sound Collections\u003c/p\u003e"]}}],"summary":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eBy 1931, the U.S. and wider world record industry was in meltdown under the weight of the Great Depression. Sales were in free fall, with record and player manufacturers going bankrupt or seeking survival mergers. In May, Brenchley Mittell, an executive of British record company The Gramophone Company, Ltd., and soon to be a top executive of the newly formed Electric and Musical Industries, Ltd. (EMI), visited the U.S. to assess the situation with Columbia Phonograph Co., Inc. (then a subsidiary of the British registered Columbia Graphophone Co., Ltd, one of the merging EMI partners) and with the newly formed RCA Victor company. Mittell was an inveterate journal keeper, and each evening, dictated several pages of notes. As a consequence, there survives in the EMI Music archive an extensive collection of his diaries, and it is from the notes of his 1931 visit that the foundations of this paper have been formed. Key to understanding what was happening is to be found in an interview with Henry C. Cox, president and general manager of Columbia Phonograph Co., Inc., who gave a detailed but bleak picture of the U.S. record and player industry. Using the notes from this interview and other assessments provides this paper with an eye-of-the-storm narrative of both the economic collapse and the disastrous consequences to the decision by market leader RCA Victor to abandon record and player manufacturing in favor of radio, which combined to precipitate the gravest crisis faced by the recording industry in the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e"]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright Association for Recorded Sound Collections\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Association for Recorded Sound Collections"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Association for Recorded Sound Collections"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/019/original/ARSC_Full_Logo_RGB_K.jpg?1605438091","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/121/705/small/ARSC_conf_2015_Martland_video_thmb.jpg?1675379259","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1505/collection_resources/48679/file/121705","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 2 - open-uri20210821-32762-14w9ao.mp4"]},"duration":2299.43467,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/121/705/small/ARSC_conf_2015_Martland_video_thmb.jpg?1675379259","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1505/collection_resources/48679/file/121705/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1505/collection_resources/48679/file/121705/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-arsc.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/121/705/original/open-uri20210821-32762-14w9ao.mp4?1629578788","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":2299.43467,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1505/collection_resources/48679/file/121705","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[]},{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1505/collection_resources/48679/file/255700","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - ARSC_conf_2015_Martland_audio.mp3"]},"duration":2273.10884,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1505/collection_resources/48679/file/255700/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1505/collection_resources/48679/file/255700/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-arsc.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/255/700/original/ARSC_conf_2015_Martland_audio.mp3?1730739636","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":2273.10884,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://arsc.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1505/collection_resources/48679/file/255700","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[]}]}